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This study investigates the influence of parental factors on adolescents’ smoking behavior, expanding upon the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) to incorporate parental attitudes, behaviors, and communication styles. Using a mixed-methods approach, data were collected through surveys and interviews with adolescents aged 12 to 18 and their parents. The findings reveal that parental smoking status, attitudes toward smoking, and open communication significantly shape adolescents’ intentions and behaviors regarding smoking. The study highlights the need for interventions targeting both parental influences and adolescent education to reduce smoking rates among youth. By integrating parental factors into the TPB framework, this research contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of the determinants of adolescent smoking behavior.
